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Homework 8

Workshop 8 moves from plain data structures into object-oriented design. This homework asks you to invent fresh scenarios instead of remixing class examples. Focus on encapsulating behaviour inside classes, keeping state consistent, and composing multiple objects together. Keep the solutions in a single script (for example, homework_8.py) so you can run everything end to end.

Task 1: Meteorological Diary

  • Create a WeatherSnapshot class with temperature, humidity, and observed_at (a datetime.datetime) attributes.
  • Implement __repr__ so each instance prints as a compact ISO-style summary (for example, WeatherSnapshot(2025-02-14T08:00, 18°C, 62%)).
  • Add a method cool_down(delta=1) that returns a new WeatherSnapshot with a reduced temperature but identical humidity and timestamp, leaving the original untouched.
  • Generate four distinct snapshots and iterate over them printing the original and cooled versions to highlight immutability.

Task 2: Smart Garden Devices

  • Design a SmartIrrigator class that tracks name, water_reserve, and daily_limit.
  • Provide methods refill(amount), sprinkle(volume), and status(); ensure sprinkle rejects overuse via ValueError and always deducts from the reserve.
  • Add a computed property needs_refill that becomes True when the reserve drops below 20% of capacity.
  • Demonstrate two devices with different limits, run a short watering routine, and print their status along with whether they need a refill.

Task 3: Greenhouse Coordinator

  • Build a Greenhouse class that stores multiple SmartIrrigator instances in a dictionary keyed by device name.
  • Provide register_device(device) that stores and returns the device, get_device(name) that retrieves a device or None, and total_water_remaining() that sums reserves across all devices.
  • Implement busiest_device() returning the irrigator that sprinkled the most cumulative volume (track per-device usage inside SmartIrrigator). Return None when there are no devices.
  • Simulate a day's schedule: register at least three devices, perform varied watering operations, then report the total remaining water and the name of the busiest device.

Task 4: Action Log

  • Write a helper log_action(message, *, timestamp=None) that defaults to datetime.datetime.now() and prints a line like 2025-01-14T21:15:00 — Sprinkled 3L from HerbGarden.
  • Integrate the logger into at least two methods from Tasks 2 or 3 so significant actions generate entries (for example, refills and sprinkling events).
  • Store each log line in a list in addition to printing it, then display the complete log at the end of your script to confirm ordering.

Optional Stretch

  • Add a SmartMister subclass that introduces humidity boosts and customises status().
  • Write a small test section that asserts Greenhouse.total_water_remaining() matches the sum of each stored device after several operations.